Enhancing Traceability and Reducing Environmental Footprint in Brewing through the Use of Blockchain and Internet of Things Technologies

Agricultural University of Athens

School of Applied Economics and Social Sciences

Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development

Enhancing Traceability and Reducing Environmental Footprint in Brewing through the Use of Blockchain and Internet of Things Technologies

A thesis submitted to the

AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Integrated Master’s Degree of

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

By

VASSILIKI IOANNOU

Student ID: 419107

Committee Members

Demestichas Konstantinos, Assistant Professor (Supervisor)

Karetsos Sotirios, Assistant Professor

Costopoulou Constantina, Professor

Athens, March 2025

ABSTRACT

This thesis examined the use of blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the brewing industry, focusing on improving traceability and reducing the environmental footprint. It analysed how the two technologies can be combined to provide solutions to supply chain transparency, resource efficiency and sustainable waste management. The Anheuser-Busch InBev case study highlighted practical applications, such as real-time monitoring via IoT sensors and the use of blockchain for secure data storage and analysis. In addition, innovations in optimising water and energy use were presented, as well as the reuse of by-products such as spent barley. Despite challenges such as high costs and technical requirements, the research highlighted the potential of these technologies to promote sustainable practices. Finally, future directions for research were suggested, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications and collaborations for global sustainability initiatives.

Keywords: Brewery, Blockchain, Internet of Things, Traceability